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definition image recognition, pattern recognition, image processing and image processing

image recognition is a field of pattern recognition and image processing. In the image recognition attempt is made to divide objects in an image. These objects are assigned to symbolic descriptions. About the connection between the objects is not sought, as is common in pattern analysis.

The term pattern recognition all methods are combined, which are suitable for pattern separated from each other in images according to specific criteria. Pattern recognition is a method of image processing, which helps in imagery and digital aerial images, structures or objects (roads, houses, etc.) rules .

pattern recognition is in the

• speech recognition
• Bild-/Objekterkennung
• robotics (including in industry)
• biometrics (eg fingerprint, voice or iris recognition)
• character recognition
• Etc.

used.

When pattern recognition there is no general approach, but it works depending on the application.

There are 2 phases, the work phase and the learning phase.

The phase of work is concerned with the actual Pattern recognition process and is divided into 5 phases.

1. recording
1. of signals, for example, by camera or microphone
2. discretization
3. quantization
2. pre
1. Troubleshooting
2. scaling / normalization
3. sensible division of the input data, such as segmentation
3. feature extraction
1. filtering of data / features
2. transformation into a compact form
3. result is a feature vector in a feature space
4. feature reduction
1. omitting unimportant features
2. investigation of the separability of features
3. result is a feature vector with low dimension
5. classification
1. object is a class assigned
2. decision by comparing the characteristics
3. which class the object belongs most likely to
4. realization often by neural networks

The learning phase is based on the work phase. You are here, a test data, learns of classification rules and trains the neural network and distinguishes between supervised and unsupervised learning.

When image recognition we have an image as a starting point. You have to find and extract important features and this match with the database.
problems are to be made on changes to the object, prior knowledge is lacking or if the conditions are constantly changing.

The digital image processing uses the resources of signal processing for processing and storage of visual information. The image processing
deals with the manipulation of images for subsequent display. The image processing is used as an intermediate step to a further machine processing (image segmentation, image recognition, image understanding and pattern recognition). Image processing is often used in engineering and medical technology. With image processing methods are measured in machine objects, controlled objects or read coded information. X-ray and ultrasound machines provide the image processing images, which can provide the doctor easier. X-ray machines in secure areas to examine luggage and clothing automatically dangerous items such as weapons.

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introduction Pong game in the lecture image recognition

As part of the lecture "image recognition", we want to in 1972, published by Atari "Pong" - match that with a tool was played (Joysting, paddle), programmed to (develop) that it can be played without any techniques such as remote controls or motion and infrared sensors.

The gameplay of "Pong" is simple and is similar to the parable Served.
The ball appears on the screen as a point and is moved back and forth. The player to the club, which is represented as a vertical bar, with his hand on the screen can scroll back and forth. Can you pass the ball on the racket, the opponent gets a point.

The hand must be detected by a webcam that is connected to a screen.

In many criteria must be considered, such as:

• Where is the hand?


• How quickly move your hand?


• How many fingers is the player?


• What do everything in terms of the background are taken into account or eliminated so that only the hand motion is detected?


• moves in which direction the hand? (X, y coordinates which change)

Next, I will make a research on existing Libraries, algorithms, programming languages and tools used to make.